Terezin was founded as a fortress at the end of the 18th century. The fortifications (the Main and the Small Fortress), modern in time, obsolete, lost meaning and fell into oblivion. Only recently did Terezin, in the consciousness of our and the world's public, live again as a tragic symbol of the suffering of the tens of thousands of people who perished here during the Nazi occupation of our homeland. To commemorate the monument of all who passed through the Terezin Fortress or died there and in 1947 the government of the Czechoslovak Republic decided to set up a memorial in Terezín as a reminder of the atrocities committed by the Nazis.